Doxycycline is a type of antibiotic, which means it fights infections in the body. It came into use in 1967, is available as a generic medicine, and is generally inexpensive. It in a class of antibiotics called tetracyclines which kill bacteria and protozoa by inhibiting proteins. It is broad-spectrum and therefore treats many times of infections. It is generally given once or twice and day and is used to treat bacterial infections, such as acne, urinary tract infections, intestinal infections, eye infections, sexually-transmitted infections (STIs), gum disease, and others. Historically, it was used to prevent malaria, to treat anthrax, and treat infections caused by mites, ticks, or lice.
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Common side effects include diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, or vaginal itching or discharge. Get emergency medical help if you have any signs of an allergic reaction such as hives; difficulty breathing; or swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat. Call your doctor or pharmacist if you have vision changes, severe stomach pain, watery or bloody diarrhea, weakness, easy bruising or bleeding, severe tingling, numbness, pain, dark urine, yellowing of the skin or eyes, chest pain, irregular heartbeat, feeling short of breath or having trouble breathing, swelling, rapid weight gain, little or no urine, severe headaches, ringing in your ears, dizziness, pain behind your eyes;
Doxycycline may also cause a rash and places the patient at an increased risk of a sunburn. Strong sunlight and sunbeds should be avoided while taking doxycycline. A sun cream with a high sun protection factor should be applied while taking doxycycline, even if it is cloudy. Rarely it is prescribed to pregnant women or young children since it causes permanent teeth discoloration. Breastfeeding is not recommended while taking this medicine. You should not take doxycycline if you are allergic to it or other similar antibiotics such as demeclocycline, minocycline, tetracycline, or tigecycline. It may cause harmful side effects if it is taken with isotretinoin (Amnesteem, Claravis, Sotret), ant-seizure medicines (carbamazepine, phenobarbital, phenytoin), and/or blood thinners (warfarin, Coumadin, Jantoven). Doxycycline can make birth control pills less effective, therefore a non-hormonal method of birth control (such as a condom, diaphragm, spermicide) is suggested to prevent pregnancy.
Take doxycycline for the entire prescribed length of time. Throw away any unused medicine after the expiration date. Using doxycycline after the expiration date can cause kidney damage. If you miss a dose, take the missed dose as soon as you remember. Or, skip the missed dose if it is almost time for your next scheduled dose. Do not take extra doses to make up the missed dose.
Doxycycline capsules must be swallowed whole. Do not open or chew them. They should be taken while sitting or standing up so that they do not get caught in the throat. They should not be taken immediately before bed. Dissolvable tablets should be stirred in a small glass of water to take them. If the dissolvable tablets are prescribed for recurrent mouth ulcers, the solution should be rinsed in the mouth a few minutes and then spit out.
If an overdose is suspected, the prescribing doctor or the Poisons Information Centre (Tel: 13 11 26 in Australia) should be phoned for advice. Alternatively the person may be taken to the Accident and Emergency Department at the nearest hospital, even if there are no signs of poisoning.
